Ciencias de la vida y de la materia Las levaduras: en la intersección entre la Biología de sistemas y la Biomedicina. En memoria del Profesor Julio Rodríguez Villanueva

Jef D. Boeke: "Escribiendo el genoma de la levadura"

23/01/2020

Descripción
Rapid advances in DNA synthesis techniques have made it possible to engineer diverse genomic elements, pathways, and whole genomes, providing new insights into yeast. The synthetic yeast genome project, Sc2.0 is well on its way with seven synthetic Saccharomyces cerevisiaechromosomes published and several more completed by a global team. The Sc2.0 genome features several systemic modifications, including deletion of subtelomeres, introns, tRNA genes, transposons and silent mating loci. Strategically placedloxPsym sites enable genome restructuring using an inducible evolution system termed SCRaMbLE (Synthetic Chromosome Rearrangement and Modification by LoxP-mediated Evolution). SCRaMbLE can generate millions of derived variant genomes with predictable structures leading to complex genotypes and phenotypes. The fully synthetic yeast genome provides a new kind of genetics based on variations in gene content and copy number. The 3D structure of synthetic and native chromosomes are very similar despite the substantial changes introduced. We also describe supernumerary designer “neochromosomes” that add new functionalities to cells such as humanization of metabolic pathways and even chromatin. A distinct approach involves karyotype engineering, or the ability toradically restructure genomes, e.g. the reduction of the number of chromosomes in S. cerevisiaefrom 16 to 2 with little apparent effect. Finally, we have automated our big DNA synthesis pipeline (the GenomeFoundry@ISG), opening the door to parallelized big DNA assembly, enabling the rapid assembly of a wide diversity of genetic pathways from other organisms.
"Las opiniones expresadas por los ponentes no reflejan, necesariamente, las de la Fundación Ramón Areces ni de las instituciones en las que trabajan"

Descripción

Rapid advances in DNA synthesis techniques have made it possible to engineer diverse genomic elements, pathways, and whole genomes, providing new insights into yeast. The synthetic yeast genome project, Sc2.0 is well on its way with seven synthetic Saccharomyces cerevisiaechromosomes published and several more completed by a global team. The Sc2.0 genome features several systemic modifications, including deletion of subtelomeres, introns, tRNA genes, transposons and silent mating loci. Strategically placedloxPsym sites enable genome restructuring using an inducible evolution system termed SCRaMbLE (Synthetic Chromosome Rearrangement and Modification by LoxP-mediated Evolution). SCRaMbLE can generate millions of derived variant genomes with predictable structures leading to complex genotypes and phenotypes. The fully synthetic yeast genome provides a new kind of genetics based on variations in gene content and copy number. The 3D structure of synthetic and native chromosomes are very similar despite the substantial changes introduced. We also describe supernumerary designer “neochromosomes” that add new functionalities to cells such as humanization of metabolic pathways and even chromatin. A distinct approach involves karyotype engineering, or the ability toradically restructure genomes, e.g. the reduction of the number of chromosomes in S. cerevisiaefrom 16 to 2 with little apparent effect. Finally, we have automated our big DNA synthesis pipeline (the GenomeFoundry@ISG), opening the door to parallelized big DNA assembly, enabling the rapid assembly of a wide diversity of genetic pathways from other organisms.

"Las opiniones expresadas por los ponentes no reflejan, necesariamente, las de la Fundación Ramón Areces ni de las instituciones en las que trabajan"

Vídeos
Ciencias de la vida y de la materia Las levaduras: en la intersección entre la Biología de sistemas y la Biomedicina. En memoria del Profesor Julio Rodríguez Villanueva

Federico Mayor Zaragoza: "Julio Rodríguez Villanueva, Ciencia y Conciencia"

24/01/2020

José Ramón Alonso Peña: "Don Julio: un científico pionero y un universitario comprometido"

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Sergio Moreno: "El legado científico del Profesor Villanueva en Salamanca y su desarrollo futuro"

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César Nombela: "Julio R. Villanueva: una escuela científica con impacto"

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Antonio Ventosa Ucero: "Contribución del Profesor Julio Rodríguez Villanueva a la Sociedad Española de Microbiología"

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Félix M. Goñi: "Don Julio: Recuerdos lejanos y percepción actual"

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Iván Allende Toraño: "Los orígenes familiares y vinculación con Piloña, del Profesor Villanueva"

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Jack T. Pronk: "Producción de etanol por levadura: ingeniería metabólica para mejorar la robustez y el rendimiento del proceso"

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Pedro San Segundo: "La levadura de gemación como modelo para descifrar los controles de calidad meióticos preventivos de trastornos reproductores"

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Víctor J. Cid: "Modelos humanizados de levadura en Biomedicina: montando módulos de señalización en cáncer e inmunidad innata"

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Carlos R. Vázquez de Aldana: "La subunidad reguladora Rts1 de PP2A es esencial para la organización de la septina en Candida albicans"

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Julian Richard Naglik: "Descubrimiento y función de la candidalisina"

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Catherine Dargemont: "El cesto NPC, un centro sensor de estrés para las funciones nucleares"

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Orna Cohen-Fix: "¿Qué determina el tamaño nuclear? Hallazgos en levadura con implicaciones en cáncer"

23/01/2020

Jef D. Boeke: "Escribiendo el genoma de la levadura"

23/01/2020